DIVING BELIZE BARRIER REEF
The Belize Barrier Reef is a living coral reef described as solid mounds of submerged limestone, and is the richest and most diverse habitat in the ocean. The underwater landscape structure, tropical latitude and sea ocean currents make Belize the proud home of the largest living coral reef in the Western Hemisphere. Many visitors to our shores are looking for a unique SCUBA diving or snorkeling experience. The wide range of dive and snorkel sites in within and outside the Meso-American reef provides endless opportunities for the sport diver looking for challenging adventure, or even for beginners looking for safe snorkeling or wanting to gain PADI certification or additional training.
SCUBA is an acronym for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus. It may also refer to Scuba diving, the use of a self-contained breathing set to stay underwater for periods of time.
Snorkeling is the sport of swimming on or through a body of water while equipped with a diving mask, a shaped or curved breathing tube called a snorkel, and swim fins. The snorkel allows the snorkeler to observe underwater attractions for extended periods of time with relatively little effort. Snorkeling is also used by fishermen to harvest lobster, conch and other marine products in relatively shallow areas of up to 50 feet of water depth where they can spot their traps or targets from the surface, and then free dive for retrieval.
Currents and Tides
In the Western Caribbean, which is really Northern Central America where Belize is located, surface currents tend to flow in a northerly direction. This northerly current creates a southerly counter current directly in front of the Barrier Reef and around the atolls off its coast. Between the barrier reef and the mainland, the currents tend to flow in a southern direction. The emptying of the several rivers coming down from the Maya Mountains and Guatemala, combined with the push of the prevailing trade winds creates a head of water that funnels to the south and out to the southern edge of the reefs.
SCUBA is an acronym for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus. It may also refer to Scuba diving, the use of a self-contained breathing set to stay underwater for periods of time.
Snorkeling is the sport of swimming on or through a body of water while equipped with a diving mask, a shaped or curved breathing tube called a snorkel, and swim fins. The snorkel allows the snorkeler to observe underwater attractions for extended periods of time with relatively little effort. Snorkeling is also used by fishermen to harvest lobster, conch and other marine products in relatively shallow areas of up to 50 feet of water depth where they can spot their traps or targets from the surface, and then free dive for retrieval.
Currents and Tides
In the Western Caribbean, which is really Northern Central America where Belize is located, surface currents tend to flow in a northerly direction. This northerly current creates a southerly counter current directly in front of the Barrier Reef and around the atolls off its coast. Between the barrier reef and the mainland, the currents tend to flow in a southern direction. The emptying of the several rivers coming down from the Maya Mountains and Guatemala, combined with the push of the prevailing trade winds creates a head of water that funnels to the south and out to the southern edge of the reefs.
Reef Types
The general seafloor profile of Belize’s coastal waters leads from the inland lagoons and beaches of the shoreline to the lagoon, barrier platform, barrier reef and wall and finally the coral atolls. Our inner lagoons consist mainly of sediments from river run off. Sea grass and hardy corals abound, and fishing at the river mouths is abundant. Snorkeling offshore is fine in most areas. But the water can be murky especially during the rainy season due to spill off into the rivers. Belize has some of the best diving and snorkeling spots in the Caribbean.South of Gladden Spit, the outer platform narrows to about 1 mile, with wide passages through the barrier reef. The barrier platform ends in a hook form shape at the Sapodilla Cayes. The barrier platform is bordered on the east by the barrier reef, a wall of coral that breaks the surface of the Caribbean Sea.
Those SCUBA diving, snorkelling and exploring the underwater world of Belize, will discover a range of different reef types. Among these are fringing reefs, patch reefs, faroes, barrier reefs, and atolls.
The general seafloor profile of Belize’s coastal waters leads from the inland lagoons and beaches of the shoreline to the lagoon, barrier platform, barrier reef and wall and finally the coral atolls. Our inner lagoons consist mainly of sediments from river run off. Sea grass and hardy corals abound, and fishing at the river mouths is abundant. Snorkeling offshore is fine in most areas. But the water can be murky especially during the rainy season due to spill off into the rivers. Belize has some of the best diving and snorkeling spots in the Caribbean.South of Gladden Spit, the outer platform narrows to about 1 mile, with wide passages through the barrier reef. The barrier platform ends in a hook form shape at the Sapodilla Cayes. The barrier platform is bordered on the east by the barrier reef, a wall of coral that breaks the surface of the Caribbean Sea.
Those SCUBA diving, snorkelling and exploring the underwater world of Belize, will discover a range of different reef types. Among these are fringing reefs, patch reefs, faroes, barrier reefs, and atolls.
Fringing Reefs – Fringing reefs are usually found hugging the mainland shores. The only fringing reef in Belize is at at Rocky Point in the Belize Corozal District at the northern end of Ambergris Caye. Here the reef literally rises out of the water at Rocky Point and you can actually walk on top of the coral skeletons embedded in the shoreline rocks.
Patch Reefs – Patch reefs vary from small coral formations to huge, sprawling reefs. They are common throughout the coastal zone, though more extensive in the south, particularly in the intricate barrier platform region south of Southwater Caye.
Faroe – A faroe better known as a ringed reef or angular atoll on a continental shelf, also known as a shelf atoll. Just like an atoll, a faroe is steep sided and encloses a central lagoon. One of the best examples of a faroe in Belize is Laughing Bird Caye.
Patch Reefs – Patch reefs vary from small coral formations to huge, sprawling reefs. They are common throughout the coastal zone, though more extensive in the south, particularly in the intricate barrier platform region south of Southwater Caye.
Faroe – A faroe better known as a ringed reef or angular atoll on a continental shelf, also known as a shelf atoll. Just like an atoll, a faroe is steep sided and encloses a central lagoon. One of the best examples of a faroe in Belize is Laughing Bird Caye.
Belize offers some of the best and most varied diving-sites in the world and has the added benefits of excellent weather conditions and clear, warm water. Inside the 185 miles (300km) long barrier reef, witch the second longest in the world and the largest in the western hemisphere you can see hundreds of brightly colored fish and coral species. We guide you to the dive spots in Belize.
Anything you find of value belongs to the country of Belize & cannot be kept. A couple underwater wrecks are:
Most dive tour operators leaving San Pedro, go as far north as Mexico Rocks and as far south as Coral Gardens.
Out tour operators has over 50 diving sites accessible to him, right from the edge of his dock. It is literally impossible to describe all sites on this web-site, therefore we have provided descriptions of only the more popular diving sites.
Anything you find of value belongs to the country of Belize & cannot be kept. A couple underwater wrecks are:
- Amigo's Wreck - Ambergris Caye - The wreck was purposely sunk in this spot to attract bigger marine life.
- HMS Advice - Turneffe Atoll - This is the wreck of a British Naval Cutter which sunk to 16 feet on June 1, 1793.
- Sayonara in Turneffe Atoll - This was a transport boat sitting at 45 feet below the surface.
Most dive tour operators leaving San Pedro, go as far north as Mexico Rocks and as far south as Coral Gardens.
Out tour operators has over 50 diving sites accessible to him, right from the edge of his dock. It is literally impossible to describe all sites on this web-site, therefore we have provided descriptions of only the more popular diving sites.
BARRIER REEF DIVE SITES
Northern Cayes
Northern Cayes
MEXICO ROCKS - Novice
About 20 minutes or so by boat from San Pedro, this site is named after the now-defunct Mexico Cocal coconut plantation onshore. Here you will find shallow waters, which are protected by their position inside the reef, making this the perfect spot for underwater photographers, novice divers and adventurous snorkelers.
Rising from the seafloor you will find numerous coral heads, some quite large. Here you will find mostly brain and boulder corals decorated with purple sea fans and other branching gorgonians. The coral heads are interspersed with broad and sand patches and scattered areas of seaweed and turtle grass, ideal habitat for flounder, sand divers,hermit crabs, southern stingrays and elusive batfish. There exists small schools of bluestriped grunts , which mill about the gorgonians alongside trumpetfish, which mirror the movements of the sea rods in the gentle swells. Reef fish such as, Butterflyfish, rock beauties and small wrasses are also common, and its worth searching eh reef fissures for fileclams, feather duster worms, banded coral shrimp and cleaner gobies.
Rising from the seafloor you will find numerous coral heads, some quite large. Here you will find mostly brain and boulder corals decorated with purple sea fans and other branching gorgonians. The coral heads are interspersed with broad and sand patches and scattered areas of seaweed and turtle grass, ideal habitat for flounder, sand divers,hermit crabs, southern stingrays and elusive batfish. There exists small schools of bluestriped grunts , which mill about the gorgonians alongside trumpetfish, which mirror the movements of the sea rods in the gentle swells. Reef fish such as, Butterflyfish, rock beauties and small wrasses are also common, and its worth searching eh reef fissures for fileclams, feather duster worms, banded coral shrimp and cleaner gobies.
STATUE - Intermediate
This well-known dive site boast of an underwater statue of Christ, perhaps reminding us that coral reefs are heavenly creations. This site is home to just such an icon. You will need divemaster guidance here to find the statute, but don't be upset if you miss it, as it's not the high point of the dive.
The spur-and-groove formations at this site are deep and pronounced, creating narrow canyons that are a thrill to explore in good visibility. You may note that coral at neighboring sites has suffered some hurricane damage, particularly atop the spurs, but the coral here remains healthy and in tack. Delicate staghorn and plate corals decorate the sahllows, while the spurs almost sheer sides sport numerous colorful tube sponges and small barrel sponges. Remember to glance down as you cross from one spur to the next, as the sand grooves are a favorite resting place for nurse sharks and enormous roughtail stingrays.
Usually toward the end of this dive, the statue of Christ stands atop the reef in about 60 feet of water. Take time to stop and pose for your photo, then ascend to your safety stop, where you'll be met by legions of inquisitive yellowtail snappers.
The spur-and-groove formations at this site are deep and pronounced, creating narrow canyons that are a thrill to explore in good visibility. You may note that coral at neighboring sites has suffered some hurricane damage, particularly atop the spurs, but the coral here remains healthy and in tack. Delicate staghorn and plate corals decorate the sahllows, while the spurs almost sheer sides sport numerous colorful tube sponges and small barrel sponges. Remember to glance down as you cross from one spur to the next, as the sand grooves are a favorite resting place for nurse sharks and enormous roughtail stingrays.
Usually toward the end of this dive, the statue of Christ stands atop the reef in about 60 feet of water. Take time to stop and pose for your photo, then ascend to your safety stop, where you'll be met by legions of inquisitive yellowtail snappers.
TRES COCOS - Intermediate
A quick boat ride consisting of a few minuests, brings you to this spectacular diving site. The mooring sits on the reeftop in 50 feet of water. Covered along this reef is healthy hard corals and gorgonians, the tops of the spurs slope to about 80 to 90 feet. The sand-filled grooves drop far more dramatically, bottoming out between 110 and 120 feet. Remember to watch your gauges as you follow these seaward through narrow gorges that threaten to meet overhead in places.
When the visibility is good, the grooves promise fantastic wide angle photo opportunities. This is a great place to stop and take some photographs. Plan to take your pictures in the morning, though, as the scene turns gloomy soon after midday. For diver shots, have your buddy carry a dive light to evoke a sense of exploration and highlight sponge growth on the walls.
Rounding the ends of the spurs, look seaward to spot shoals of Atlantic spadefish, dog snappers, horse-eye jacks and, if you're lucky, the occasional reef shark. You'll find all the usual reef fish specifies amid the coral growth atop the spurs. As you make your way back to the shallows, swim across one or two fo the grooves, looking down into their narrow, twisting depths.
When the visibility is good, the grooves promise fantastic wide angle photo opportunities. This is a great place to stop and take some photographs. Plan to take your pictures in the morning, though, as the scene turns gloomy soon after midday. For diver shots, have your buddy carry a dive light to evoke a sense of exploration and highlight sponge growth on the walls.
Rounding the ends of the spurs, look seaward to spot shoals of Atlantic spadefish, dog snappers, horse-eye jacks and, if you're lucky, the occasional reef shark. You'll find all the usual reef fish specifies amid the coral growth atop the spurs. As you make your way back to the shallows, swim across one or two fo the grooves, looking down into their narrow, twisting depths.
TACKLE BOX CANYONS - Intermediate
Directly offshore from a popular beach side bar once named The Tackle Box, this site offers a dramatic take on the region's typical spur and groove reef structure. Extending seaward from the mooring, many of the gullies are deep and narrow, with near-vertical walls. You'll also find numerous swim-through and tunnels, all relatively short and navigable without a dive light. Marine life in these formations is generally sparse, although you're likely to encounter large lobsters and perhaps a sleeping nurse shark.
Here along the reeftops you will find an abundance of coral, sponge and gorgonian growth. Resient fish life ranges from the tiniest tropical to larger species like moray eels. Look closely among the corals, sponges and algae for members of the macro community, including various blennies, nudibranchs and shrimp, as well as tube worms and vivid golden crinoids.
Here along the reeftops you will find an abundance of coral, sponge and gorgonian growth. Resient fish life ranges from the tiniest tropical to larger species like moray eels. Look closely among the corals, sponges and algae for members of the macro community, including various blennies, nudibranchs and shrimp, as well as tube worms and vivid golden crinoids.
MERMAIDS LAIR - Intermediate
No, you're not going to see any mermaids here, but you'll find many other marine species at this attractive reef just a few minutes from San Pedro. Although this dive is rated for the intermediate diver (due to the maximum depth), it's really suitable for divers of all experience levels when accompanied by a divemaster. Be sure to remember your camera for a chance at some great fish portraits, particularly if you have the patience to stay in one spot for awhile.
Carefully search the shallow coral gardens for tall gorgonians, where you will find slender filefish, sharpnose puffers and trumpetfish, all of which hide amid the swaying branches. Going further out to sea, the gorgonians give way to hard corals, featuring impressive stands of lettuce, boulder, brain, star and staghorn corals. You can follow the gullies to the deep reef, though it's often more rewarding to puase and observe life amid this coral metropolis. Pairs of French and gray angelfish promenade regally over the reef, parrotfish chew furiously at the coral and crowds of bluestriped grunts hover in place, almost daring you to come closer. This is a great place to search for the odd-looking species as scrawled filefish.
Carefully search the shallow coral gardens for tall gorgonians, where you will find slender filefish, sharpnose puffers and trumpetfish, all of which hide amid the swaying branches. Going further out to sea, the gorgonians give way to hard corals, featuring impressive stands of lettuce, boulder, brain, star and staghorn corals. You can follow the gullies to the deep reef, though it's often more rewarding to puase and observe life amid this coral metropolis. Pairs of French and gray angelfish promenade regally over the reef, parrotfish chew furiously at the coral and crowds of bluestriped grunts hover in place, almost daring you to come closer. This is a great place to search for the odd-looking species as scrawled filefish.
ESMERALDA CANYONS - Novice
Just offshore from San Pedro, outiside shallow Tuffy Cut, Esmarelda is often done as a second dive, as the spur-and-groove formations here are a bit less deep than at neighoring sites. Regular ocean currents here, usually mean clear visibility through late afternoon, though conditions are best in the morning if you're planning wide-angle photography.
From the mooring line, follow the spurs or gullies seaward. You'll find lots of staghorn, elkhorn, brain and lettuce corals amid lush gorgonians. You are not going to see any substantial sponge growth until you get a little deeper, but there are many small vibrant azure vase sponges, which are often home to alien-looking arrow crabs.
You're going to see plenty of fish here long the reeftop, notably squirrelfish, schoolmasters and shoals of blue tangs. Head a little deeper to explore numerous narrow swim-throughs, and watch the blue water for pairs of spotted eagle rays and large pelagics.
From the mooring line, follow the spurs or gullies seaward. You'll find lots of staghorn, elkhorn, brain and lettuce corals amid lush gorgonians. You are not going to see any substantial sponge growth until you get a little deeper, but there are many small vibrant azure vase sponges, which are often home to alien-looking arrow crabs.
You're going to see plenty of fish here long the reeftop, notably squirrelfish, schoolmasters and shoals of blue tangs. Head a little deeper to explore numerous narrow swim-throughs, and watch the blue water for pairs of spotted eagle rays and large pelagics.
TUFFY CANYONS - Intermediate
Tuffy Canyons is marked by deep grooves and a long narrow tunnel that can be a real test for the diver who tends to be a bit claustrophobic. This high-walled passage leads to an opening at 80ft. to 90 ft. onto the reef drop-off. Here you will find some attractive sponges in the deeper reaches and the occasional eagle ray passing by if you cruise the drop-off-area. Here you will also find deep cuts all along the wall and into the upper reef flat.
If this is the first dive that you do, often dive operators will stop at the big sandy area at the bottom of the mooring, for a good buoyancy check and warm up. Look for critters in and around the huge cement block here.
Here you will see marauding nurse sharks hanging around the entire area, floating up and over the ridges. The scattered large coral heads and rocky formation along the reef top hold young filefish, a big channel clinging crab or two, and spotted drums. Look too, for a jack school up in the water column and down below many cleaning stations, where blue head wrasse and juvenile blue heads clean porgies.
This site is notable for its small stands of staghorn coral, and some divers have seen the stunning juvenile threadfin African pompano swimming along the drop-off. Tuffy Canyons is located close to Tuffy Cut, one of the major passes in and out of the lagoon for San Pedro dive boats. Snorkelers sometimes explore inside the reef near the cut. This area got its name from a shrimp boat named "Tuffy", who met its demise here. In and around about 20 feet, you should see pieces of the sunken boat here & there. Intro and beginner dives are done at this location, to avoid the marine park fees.
If this is the first dive that you do, often dive operators will stop at the big sandy area at the bottom of the mooring, for a good buoyancy check and warm up. Look for critters in and around the huge cement block here.
Here you will see marauding nurse sharks hanging around the entire area, floating up and over the ridges. The scattered large coral heads and rocky formation along the reef top hold young filefish, a big channel clinging crab or two, and spotted drums. Look too, for a jack school up in the water column and down below many cleaning stations, where blue head wrasse and juvenile blue heads clean porgies.
This site is notable for its small stands of staghorn coral, and some divers have seen the stunning juvenile threadfin African pompano swimming along the drop-off. Tuffy Canyons is located close to Tuffy Cut, one of the major passes in and out of the lagoon for San Pedro dive boats. Snorkelers sometimes explore inside the reef near the cut. This area got its name from a shrimp boat named "Tuffy", who met its demise here. In and around about 20 feet, you should see pieces of the sunken boat here & there. Intro and beginner dives are done at this location, to avoid the marine park fees.
CYPRESS GARDEN - Intermediate
You will find Cypress Garden within the Hol Chan Marine Reserve. The abundance and diversity of the fish life here, testify to the fact that marine reserves do work. This site is a pleasure to dive, as you are surrounded by nurse sharks, turtles, black grouper and tiger grouper. Descend down the anchor line and explore the various undercuts.
This area provides a great habitat for small invertebrates like arrown crabs and various shrimps. The protected areas also support spotted drums of all sizes. Within the corals are cleaning stations populated by bluehead rasse.
You will no doubt find, the coral growth interesting here as well. Flower corals, thin leaf lettuce corals and some nice stands to the fairly rare pillar corals are seen along the reeftops here. Sea rods and sea fans are also plentiful.
Here, you will find that the reef is home to the big yellowtails, assorted crabs, French grunts and smaller groupers. This is a good second dive if done shallow. There's a lot to observe here, especially in the smaller end of the spectrum. Don't be surprised to see more than one sea turtle along the reeftop as well.
Slightly south is the site Cypress Tunnels, you will find a series of deep tunnels you can swim through, which exist at 100 ft and below at the outer wall. We recommend a dive light here. The upper reef has a healthy collection of plate corals similar to that of the Bordah.
This area provides a great habitat for small invertebrates like arrown crabs and various shrimps. The protected areas also support spotted drums of all sizes. Within the corals are cleaning stations populated by bluehead rasse.
You will no doubt find, the coral growth interesting here as well. Flower corals, thin leaf lettuce corals and some nice stands to the fairly rare pillar corals are seen along the reeftops here. Sea rods and sea fans are also plentiful.
Here, you will find that the reef is home to the big yellowtails, assorted crabs, French grunts and smaller groupers. This is a good second dive if done shallow. There's a lot to observe here, especially in the smaller end of the spectrum. Don't be surprised to see more than one sea turtle along the reeftop as well.
Slightly south is the site Cypress Tunnels, you will find a series of deep tunnels you can swim through, which exist at 100 ft and below at the outer wall. We recommend a dive light here. The upper reef has a healthy collection of plate corals similar to that of the Bordah.
CYPRESS TUNNEL - Intermediate
This is a beautiful spur-and-groove reef near San Pedro, where you can explore a series of swim-through and particularly long tunnels. The grooves plunge below 1,000 feet, so check your depth regularly, especially when exiting the tunnels. Good buoyancy control is essential to avoid kicking up sand and spoiling the visibility for fellow divers. Your dive master may insist on guiding you through a few of the longer passages, though experienced divers may be allowed split off as a buddy pair. You'll encounter thick shoals of silversides in some tunnels. We recommend bringing a dive light to appreciate the marine life and help you navigate.
When you've finished touring the tunnels, either follow one of the grooves up toward the mooring or pick a spur and check out the abundant plate, lettuce, staghorn and boulder corals. Here you will find an abundance of corals for feather stars and a host of smaller fish, including triplefin and sailfin blennies, juvenile hogfish and rock beauties. If you are a macrophotographer, you will find plenty of things to photograph in the shallows.
When you've finished touring the tunnels, either follow one of the grooves up toward the mooring or pick a spur and check out the abundant plate, lettuce, staghorn and boulder corals. Here you will find an abundance of corals for feather stars and a host of smaller fish, including triplefin and sailfin blennies, juvenile hogfish and rock beauties. If you are a macrophotographer, you will find plenty of things to photograph in the shallows.
BOCA CIEGA - Intermediate
Don't confuse this with the sinkhole, that has a similar name in Hol Chan Marine Reserve, Boca Ciega is one of several sites within 10 minutes of the San Pedro docks. This reef features the famiiiar spur-and-groove formations, though the grooves here are somewhat broader than at adjacent sites, and the sane chutes drop quickly to depths below 100feet. The mooring is in 45 feet of water, amid lush purpose sea fans and other branching gorgonians. You may be visited and greeted by two large resident black groupers on your descent and may shadow you throughout your dive.
Here you will find resting nurse sharks and the occasional curious Caribbean reef shark, which patrol the depths beyond the spurs. When you reach your max depth or the end of a sand chute, cross to an adjacent groove and meander back to the mooring. If you search the many over hangs and caves, you will find lobsters, as well as green and spotted moray eels.
Atop the spurs, hard corals and gorgonians are interspersed with vibrant yellow tube and azure vase sponges. Amidst this, you will find parrotfish, small groups of blue chromis, creole wrasses, several species of angelfish and persistent yellowtail snappers (referred to locally as caribbean piranha).
Here you will find resting nurse sharks and the occasional curious Caribbean reef shark, which patrol the depths beyond the spurs. When you reach your max depth or the end of a sand chute, cross to an adjacent groove and meander back to the mooring. If you search the many over hangs and caves, you will find lobsters, as well as green and spotted moray eels.
Atop the spurs, hard corals and gorgonians are interspersed with vibrant yellow tube and azure vase sponges. Amidst this, you will find parrotfish, small groups of blue chromis, creole wrasses, several species of angelfish and persistent yellowtail snappers (referred to locally as caribbean piranha).
PILLAR CORAL - Novice
The Pillar Coral site is a spur-and-groove reef, which is an annex of the Hol Chan Marine Reserve. You'll likely dive here in conjunction with a visit to nearby Hol Chan Cut and thus pay only one entry fee for both dives.
You may become a bit discouraged by the patches of storm-damaged staghorn coral near the mooring - but keep progressing seaward, and the spurs become well defined and the condition of the corals remarkably improves. Here you will find stands of healthy pillar corals, along the tops of the spurs. Small schools of bluestriped grunts, schoolmasters and squirrelfish keep to the shadows between the pillars, which are also home to dozens of clearner gobies. If you take a few moments to pause, here you can spot black groupers waiting to be groomed, as well as groups of creole wrasses, which however vertically to attract the cleaners.
Around the mooring line you'll often encounter shoals of yellow tail snappers and one or two large black groupers, which despite park rules have obviously been fed and approach divers for a handout. They become ideal photo subjects, as they will often stay close and seemingly "as if" to pose for your camera.
You may become a bit discouraged by the patches of storm-damaged staghorn coral near the mooring - but keep progressing seaward, and the spurs become well defined and the condition of the corals remarkably improves. Here you will find stands of healthy pillar corals, along the tops of the spurs. Small schools of bluestriped grunts, schoolmasters and squirrelfish keep to the shadows between the pillars, which are also home to dozens of clearner gobies. If you take a few moments to pause, here you can spot black groupers waiting to be groomed, as well as groups of creole wrasses, which however vertically to attract the cleaners.
Around the mooring line you'll often encounter shoals of yellow tail snappers and one or two large black groupers, which despite park rules have obviously been fed and approach divers for a handout. They become ideal photo subjects, as they will often stay close and seemingly "as if" to pose for your camera.
HOL CHAN CANYON / CUT - Novice
At the heart of the Hol Chan Marine Reserve, this is one of the most popular sites off Ambergris Caye and likely one of the first site you'll ever dive, particularly if you're taking a resort course. When your boat arrives, a warden on duty near the cut will collect the daily entry fee of $5.00 BZ per person. Watch for boat traffic, as the moorings are usually crowded with both snorkel and dive boats.
From the moorings it's a short swim east over shallow grass beds to the cut, a 30 to 45 foot side sandy channel flanked by a reef that rises from 30 feet to just below the surface. Tidal currents often run through the channel. If the current is strong, swim to one side and make your way along the reef. If the current is gentle, cross from one side to the other as you explore.
You'll find many of the Caribbean coral species, although the hordes of visiting divers and snorkelers have done some damage. Perhaps the most striking feature is the number of fish that shoal within the cut, notably horse-eye jacks, schoolmasters and bluestriped grunts. Out of the channel you'll spot sand divers, southern stingrays and often eagel rays, while the reef walls shelter a number of green moray eels, which may leave their lairs to approach you in search of food.
When you reach the seaward end of the cut, resist the temptation to continue toward deeper water, as you might face a long, difficult swim back to the boat. Back at the mooring you'll encounter groupers and Bermuda chub, also in search of food. If you are a photographers, this is a great chance to get some good fish portraits.
From the moorings it's a short swim east over shallow grass beds to the cut, a 30 to 45 foot side sandy channel flanked by a reef that rises from 30 feet to just below the surface. Tidal currents often run through the channel. If the current is strong, swim to one side and make your way along the reef. If the current is gentle, cross from one side to the other as you explore.
You'll find many of the Caribbean coral species, although the hordes of visiting divers and snorkelers have done some damage. Perhaps the most striking feature is the number of fish that shoal within the cut, notably horse-eye jacks, schoolmasters and bluestriped grunts. Out of the channel you'll spot sand divers, southern stingrays and often eagel rays, while the reef walls shelter a number of green moray eels, which may leave their lairs to approach you in search of food.
When you reach the seaward end of the cut, resist the temptation to continue toward deeper water, as you might face a long, difficult swim back to the boat. Back at the mooring you'll encounter groupers and Bermuda chub, also in search of food. If you are a photographers, this is a great chance to get some good fish portraits.
HOL CHAN MARINE RESERVE - Novice
The Hol Chan Marine Reserve highlights and protects the Hol Chan (Mayan Name for "little channel") Cut, which is the barrier reef some four miles southeast of San Pedro Town.
Hol Chan was established in 1987, as the first of its kind in Central America, includes a five square mile area of three distinctive zones.
ZONE A - includes the reef (both inside and outside)
ZONE B - includes the seagrass beds inside the reef
ZONE C - includes the mangroves of southern Ambergris Caye
ZONE D - include Shark Ray Alley
All four zones are closely linked and are interdependent
Buoys have been installed to mark the boundaries of the Reserve and to provide anchoring points for dive operators boats. Since it is illegal to fish and/or collect coral within the reserve, marine life is present in healthy populations.
(part of the larger Hol Chan Marine Reserve), offers visitors the chance to witness and swim alongside Nurse Sharks and Southern Sting Rays. Waters of about eight feet in depth allow for clear visibility as visitors observe and interact with these friendly sea creatures that were originally drawn to the area over time as it served as a common location for fisherman to clean out their catch for the day.
Hol Chan was established in 1987, as the first of its kind in Central America, includes a five square mile area of three distinctive zones.
ZONE A - includes the reef (both inside and outside)
ZONE B - includes the seagrass beds inside the reef
ZONE C - includes the mangroves of southern Ambergris Caye
ZONE D - include Shark Ray Alley
All four zones are closely linked and are interdependent
Buoys have been installed to mark the boundaries of the Reserve and to provide anchoring points for dive operators boats. Since it is illegal to fish and/or collect coral within the reserve, marine life is present in healthy populations.
(part of the larger Hol Chan Marine Reserve), offers visitors the chance to witness and swim alongside Nurse Sharks and Southern Sting Rays. Waters of about eight feet in depth allow for clear visibility as visitors observe and interact with these friendly sea creatures that were originally drawn to the area over time as it served as a common location for fisherman to clean out their catch for the day.
SHARK-RAY ALLEY - Novice
Local fishing boats used to clean their catch at this shallow sandy site a half mile or so from Hol Chan Cut. This activity, in turn, attracted other fish looking for an easy meal. Although fishing boats no longer stop here, dive operators continue to feed the fish, including a number of nurse sharks and southern stingrays.
Due to the heavy boat traffic and shallow water, only snorkeling is permitted. Dive boats visit the site during surface intervals. Even without scuba gear, you can get plenty close to the action - too close for some! The divemaster feed and handle the fish, which frees you up for some great photo opportunities. While some may not approve of fishing feeding, others will find this an exciting, don't miss experience.
Due to the heavy boat traffic and shallow water, only snorkeling is permitted. Dive boats visit the site during surface intervals. Even without scuba gear, you can get plenty close to the action - too close for some! The divemaster feed and handle the fish, which frees you up for some great photo opportunities. While some may not approve of fishing feeding, others will find this an exciting, don't miss experience.
AMIGOS WRECK - Intermediate
This small, less-than-seaworthy barge was deliberately sunk here by Amigos del Mar dive center in 1996. Though not a remarkable wreck dive, the site does offer spectacular marine life interaction, as San Pedro dive operators have established a fish-feeding station on the barge. Large nurse sharks, snappers and black groupers start to gather on the wreck as soon as a dive boat approaches. Hungry nurse sharks may even meet you at the mooring.
It's a five minute swim seaward to the wreck site. For the best photo angles, kneel on the sand to the starboard side of the barge or beside the dive master atop the wreck. Sharks, groupers, and large snappers crowd in close as they await their next meal. Often joining the feast is a large green moray that resides in the bow. The diners get a tad excited when dinner is served, so keep your hands to yourself, especially if you're near the divemaster. Experienced divermasters may even handle the nurse sharks, which relax into a catatonic state when gripped by the dorsal fin and flipped over. Though it remains a controversial subject among divers, fish feeding does offer an opportunity to closely approach marine life in a controlled environment.
It's a five minute swim seaward to the wreck site. For the best photo angles, kneel on the sand to the starboard side of the barge or beside the dive master atop the wreck. Sharks, groupers, and large snappers crowd in close as they await their next meal. Often joining the feast is a large green moray that resides in the bow. The diners get a tad excited when dinner is served, so keep your hands to yourself, especially if you're near the divemaster. Experienced divermasters may even handle the nurse sharks, which relax into a catatonic state when gripped by the dorsal fin and flipped over. Though it remains a controversial subject among divers, fish feeding does offer an opportunity to closely approach marine life in a controlled environment.
CORAL CANYONS - Intermediate
This is one of the many dive sites off Caye Caulker island. Coral Canyons takes only a few minutes to reach by boat. There are few fixed moorings along this stretch of reef. Local may refer to this as a drift dive, it should not be confused with drifting in a current.
The dive begins on a broad sandy area amid numerous small coral heads. This area then gradually merges into a more continuous reef structure, soon followed by the familiar spur-and-groove formation. The grooves are quite narrow and drop steeply below 100 feet. If you choose to swim down into one of the grooves, search the many overhangs and small caves for nurse sharks and roughtail stingrays. Once reaching the end of a spur, you can either cross to an adjacent groove for the return or ascend the spur and search for marine life amid the healthy hard corals and lush sponge growth.
The dive begins on a broad sandy area amid numerous small coral heads. This area then gradually merges into a more continuous reef structure, soon followed by the familiar spur-and-groove formation. The grooves are quite narrow and drop steeply below 100 feet. If you choose to swim down into one of the grooves, search the many overhangs and small caves for nurse sharks and roughtail stingrays. Once reaching the end of a spur, you can either cross to an adjacent groove for the return or ascend the spur and search for marine life amid the healthy hard corals and lush sponge growth.
STINGRAY VILLAGE - Novice
You will find, that this shallow snorkeling site is similar to Shark-Ray Alley off Ambergris Caye. For years Caye Caulker fishermen have cleaned their sardine catch here, attracting large numbers of southern stingrays and nurse sharks. Hotels and dive centers on Caye Caulker and Chapel now bring boatloads of snorkelers, while divers often visit during surface intervals. As the motors to the boats approach the area, you will find that fish and nurse sharks begin to gather - hoping to achieve a free meal.
You will find this site, a little less busy than Shark-Ray-Alley, this site allows snorkelers a little bit closer look at the big fish. We recommend photographers to use a wide-angel lens. and leave their strobes on the boat (the sane reflects plenty of light). If feeding is not your thing, you can also watch the rays and sharks feeding naturally in the sand and turtle grass.
You will find this site, a little less busy than Shark-Ray-Alley, this site allows snorkelers a little bit closer look at the big fish. We recommend photographers to use a wide-angel lens. and leave their strobes on the boat (the sane reflects plenty of light). If feeding is not your thing, you can also watch the rays and sharks feeding naturally in the sand and turtle grass.
CAYE CHAPEL REEF - Intermediate
Caye Chappel lies some 3 miles south of Caye Caulker. You may notice that the reef here, maybe similar to the reef at sites located farther north. Here you will notice, that the seafloor is blanketed in silt, possibly from construction debris swept from the lagoon on the falling tide. Visibility can be particularly misty in the shallows, where swells regularly stir up the seabed.
Your dive will start in 30 feet of water, among scattered low coral heads and branching gorgonians. Farther offshore the reef develops into a substantial spur-and groove formation, with broad coral buttresses and equally wide sand chutes. You will find, that visibility also improves the deeper you go. The spurs end atop a mini wall at 70 feet, which drops sharply to sand flats between 100 and 120 feet, a good spot to look for large roughtail stingrays.
Be sure to search the reef wall and canyons to find numerous lobsters and channel clinging crabs, which normally hide during the day. Although fish are not as abundant here as compared to other sites, the macro life is very impressive. Look closely amid the branching gorgonians and purple sea fans to find flamingo tonuges and slender filefish. Also if you search the reef, you will find tiny secretary and arrow blennies.
Your dive will start in 30 feet of water, among scattered low coral heads and branching gorgonians. Farther offshore the reef develops into a substantial spur-and groove formation, with broad coral buttresses and equally wide sand chutes. You will find, that visibility also improves the deeper you go. The spurs end atop a mini wall at 70 feet, which drops sharply to sand flats between 100 and 120 feet, a good spot to look for large roughtail stingrays.
Be sure to search the reef wall and canyons to find numerous lobsters and channel clinging crabs, which normally hide during the day. Although fish are not as abundant here as compared to other sites, the macro life is very impressive. Look closely amid the branching gorgonians and purple sea fans to find flamingo tonuges and slender filefish. Also if you search the reef, you will find tiny secretary and arrow blennies.
BELIZE BARRIER REEF DIVE SITES
Middle Cayes
FAEGON'S POINT - Novice
Faegon's Point, got its name from one of Tobacco Caye's resident (who was a dive master), this is a good site for student divers, novices and those who are rusty after a long layoff from diving. Though ocean swells may stir up surge in the shallows, the entry point on open sand allows everyone to sort out their buoyancy before moving east toward a series of deep narrow grooves. As you follow the twisting course past numerous low overhangs, which are favorite resting places for nurse sharks. You may only spot a shark's tail, though when discovered, they often retreat up the gully, passing inches overhead.
You may decide to head for deeper water, but know that there's plenty to see between 60 and 80 feet. Here you will find many of the usual reef fish, such as the boldly patterned but shy scrawled cowfish, schools of creole wrasses and juvenile hawksbill turltles, which feed on the sponges. Macrophotographers will especially appreciate the shallows, as the gorgonians are peppered with vibrant flamingo tongues, and the corals shelter banded coral shrimp, small chain morays, blusters of feather duster worms and cute secretary blennies, which peek out from tiny bore holes.
You may decide to head for deeper water, but know that there's plenty to see between 60 and 80 feet. Here you will find many of the usual reef fish, such as the boldly patterned but shy scrawled cowfish, schools of creole wrasses and juvenile hawksbill turltles, which feed on the sponges. Macrophotographers will especially appreciate the shallows, as the gorgonians are peppered with vibrant flamingo tongues, and the corals shelter banded coral shrimp, small chain morays, blusters of feather duster worms and cute secretary blennies, which peek out from tiny bore holes.
FAEGON'S BLUFF - Intermediate
Faegon's Bluff is located just offshore from Tobacco Caye. This spur-and-groove reef hints at the developing double-wall reef system, with distinct reef lines divided by sandy plains. The inshore reef slopes to sand at about 120 feet, its not necessary to go that deep, unless you spot something worthwhile to investigate. You'll find most highlights above 60 feet on the gentle slope, which allows ample dive time. Overhead are shoals of needlefish and sardines, shadowed closely by prowling barracuda. If you are patient, you may see the shoal of hunted fish turn and chase off the barracuda if it gets too close.
As on neighboring reefs, the slope here boasts lush hard corals and gorgonians. Brain and big star corals dominate, while mushroom and plate corals shelter several species of juvenile reef fish. Keep your eyes open for the spectacular spotted drum, in both its juvenile and intermediate stages, as well as the yellow-striped juvenile French angelfish and golden juvenile hogfish. Here you will find, dozens angelfish. Consider ascending directly from the reef, as ocean swells often stir up strong surge in the shallows.
As on neighboring reefs, the slope here boasts lush hard corals and gorgonians. Brain and big star corals dominate, while mushroom and plate corals shelter several species of juvenile reef fish. Keep your eyes open for the spectacular spotted drum, in both its juvenile and intermediate stages, as well as the yellow-striped juvenile French angelfish and golden juvenile hogfish. Here you will find, dozens angelfish. Consider ascending directly from the reef, as ocean swells often stir up strong surge in the shallows.
CUDA POINT (Cuda Scuda) - Novice
You will start your dive, on the inshore reef line amid narrow spurs and grooves. Here you will find, that the sand grooves are dotted with small coral heads, while the low-profile spurs feature hard corals covered with branching gorgonians. You may face strong surge at the beginning of the dive, though its effects diminish with depth. The spurs gradually slope east to a sandy plateau at about 80 feet (as you explore this busy reef or push on to the deeper slopes).
As you go along the deeper slopes, they are supported by colorful barrel, vase and tube sponges, as well as substantial growths of brain and mushroom corals. Overhangs are home to clusters of Belize spiny lobsters, which fearlessly march out in plain sight of divers. This is a great place to do a little photography, as the site features a whole range of Caribbean reef fish. You'll spot many bold Nassau groupers, as well as the large solitary barracuda that lend this site its name.
As you go along the deeper slopes, they are supported by colorful barrel, vase and tube sponges, as well as substantial growths of brain and mushroom corals. Overhangs are home to clusters of Belize spiny lobsters, which fearlessly march out in plain sight of divers. This is a great place to do a little photography, as the site features a whole range of Caribbean reef fish. You'll spot many bold Nassau groupers, as well as the large solitary barracuda that lend this site its name.
FISHY POINT - Intermediate
This dive starts at the base of a spur-and-groove formation on the surge-pounded barrier reef. As you descend on a sandy plain at 40 feet, and swim seaward over a wide reef slope, you will notice that it is topped by healthy thickets of branching gorgonians. Along the slope you'll find healthy sponges and corals, including many large common and deepwater sea fans, which reach into the gentle current.
As you continue across the sand to the seaward slope, which ends atop a sheer wall. This largely unbroken reef drops sharply from 60 feet to a deeper sandy plane at 100 feet. There's plenty of fish life to admire on the first reef slope, including large shoals of blue tangs, which rush about to forage on the algae. Check beneath overhangs to find lurking black groupers, dog snappers, French grunts and large green morays.
As you continue across the sand to the seaward slope, which ends atop a sheer wall. This largely unbroken reef drops sharply from 60 feet to a deeper sandy plane at 100 feet. There's plenty of fish life to admire on the first reef slope, including large shoals of blue tangs, which rush about to forage on the algae. Check beneath overhangs to find lurking black groupers, dog snappers, French grunts and large green morays.
TURTLE'S REST - Novice
Tobacco Caye is a favored nesting area for the endangered loggerhead turtles. Because space comes at a premium here, turtles are often found nesting overnight under many of the buildings (raised above ground on blocks or stilts). Before and after their nesting efforts, the turtles typically rest in reef crevices just offshore, hence the name of this site. The dive focuses on the inshore reef line, which comprises extensive blocks and gullies rather than the narrower spurs and grooves. Watch for surge in the shallows.
If you don't encounter a turtle, this site is worth exploring due to the diverse fish population, fine coral and sponge growth that you will find here. Additionally, you may encounter numerous juvenile reef fish, which look completely different in their adult phase. Keep a fish ID guide handy to confirm what you've seen.
If you don't encounter a turtle, this site is worth exploring due to the diverse fish population, fine coral and sponge growth that you will find here. Additionally, you may encounter numerous juvenile reef fish, which look completely different in their adult phase. Keep a fish ID guide handy to confirm what you've seen.
TOBACCO CUT - Novice
Of the many off shore dives along the barrier reef, this is certainly among the best. It's a particularly great site for night diving and snorkeling. The dive starts with an easy entry beside the boat dock on the caye's southeast corner, where the reef curls around the island into the cut. A short surface swim or snorkel takes you over shallow coral outcrops to the north side of the passage. Drop down beside the sandy cut and follow the reef seaward. Remember to stay close to the reef, as fast moving boats often pass by.
In the lagoon, you will often find a gentle current, which supports healthy coral growth and attracts a remarkable variety of fish. Watch for eagle rays (which sometimes approach the dock) and small shoals of tarpon, particularly late in the day. If you are here in early spring, you'll get to see dozen of tarpon gather in the channel to spawn.
Follow the reef out to the east face of the fringing reef, but be wary of going too far, as strong currents sometimes sweep the channel entrance, and breaking surf makes an exit there very hazardous. During winter months, occasional northerly winds drive sediment-laden water from the lagoon, dropping visibility in the cut.
In the lagoon, you will often find a gentle current, which supports healthy coral growth and attracts a remarkable variety of fish. Watch for eagle rays (which sometimes approach the dock) and small shoals of tarpon, particularly late in the day. If you are here in early spring, you'll get to see dozen of tarpon gather in the channel to spawn.
Follow the reef out to the east face of the fringing reef, but be wary of going too far, as strong currents sometimes sweep the channel entrance, and breaking surf makes an exit there very hazardous. During winter months, occasional northerly winds drive sediment-laden water from the lagoon, dropping visibility in the cut.
TOBACCO CHANNEL - Intermediate
Tobacco Cut, the reef break in the reef, just south of Tobacco Caye, and continues offshore as a broad sandy channel. This dive starts in about 40 feet of water along the first reef line, about a mile offshore from the cut. When diving this channel, divers should head east down the slope, then hug the reef line close to the sand. You'll likely find large nurse sharks sleeping in this area (where the sand gullies along the reef). Check the channel itself for numerous large southern and roughtail stingrays, and keep watch for pairs of passing eagle rays.
Although heavy ocean surges has damaged coral in the shallows, the reef slope is healthy and diverse. Amazing deep water sea fans and sponges fringe the bottom of the slope, which borders a deeper sandy plain at about 100 feet. You can either cross to the seaward reef line or continue to explore the first one. At the end of the dive simply follow the slope back up to your safety stop.
Although heavy ocean surges has damaged coral in the shallows, the reef slope is healthy and diverse. Amazing deep water sea fans and sponges fringe the bottom of the slope, which borders a deeper sandy plain at about 100 feet. You can either cross to the seaward reef line or continue to explore the first one. At the end of the dive simply follow the slope back up to your safety stop.
EAGLE RAY BOWL - Intermediate
This site marks the end of the spur-and-groove formations that dominate the northern section of the barrier reef. There are no fixed moorings at this location, so the boat will follow the dive group as they drift along the reef. Strong currents are very rare.
The dive starts over a wide circular sandy plain, the "bowl" where eagle rays and southern stingrays commonly feed and rest. The reef edge is split by numerous deep gullies, some of which develop into broad sand flats peppered with coral heads. As you swim east, the reef slope fills in with lush, beautiful hard corals and gorgonians, which show little evidence of diver or hurricane damage. Fish life is also abundance and photographers will have lots to choose from in taking pictures of willing, cooperative subjects. Among the crevices are spotted and green morays, lobsters, channel slinging crabs and banded coral shrimp.
The reef line is more pronounced as you approach the east face, which drops off below 80 feet. Depending on your diving experience level, you can plunge a little deeper or just hang on the edge awhile to watch for passing turtles, reef sharks and marine fish. After a brief dive along the wall, return to the shallows to make your ascent.
The dive starts over a wide circular sandy plain, the "bowl" where eagle rays and southern stingrays commonly feed and rest. The reef edge is split by numerous deep gullies, some of which develop into broad sand flats peppered with coral heads. As you swim east, the reef slope fills in with lush, beautiful hard corals and gorgonians, which show little evidence of diver or hurricane damage. Fish life is also abundance and photographers will have lots to choose from in taking pictures of willing, cooperative subjects. Among the crevices are spotted and green morays, lobsters, channel slinging crabs and banded coral shrimp.
The reef line is more pronounced as you approach the east face, which drops off below 80 feet. Depending on your diving experience level, you can plunge a little deeper or just hang on the edge awhile to watch for passing turtles, reef sharks and marine fish. After a brief dive along the wall, return to the shallows to make your ascent.
JACK FISH CITY - Intermediate
The double-wall reef system is more pronounced at this site. The entry point is in 50 feet on a sandy plain just east of the low spur-and-groove fringing reef. You can swim east over extensive coral buttresses, which are cut in places by sand channels. The first reef line tops out between 50 and 60 feet and slopes sharply to the deeper sandy plain at 100 feet. Swim across the sand seaward to the reef crest at 80 feet, then plunge over the wall if your dive profile permits. It's here you'll find the numerous drifting shoals of horse-eye jacks, for which the site derives its name.
Return to the first reef line and explore the slope, moving north and west. As you cross the sand channels, look for large resting nurse sharks along the sea floor. You'll find deep water sea fans and enormous barrel sponges along the upper slope. Finish your dive along the west edge of the reef amid scattered large coral heads, with branching gorgonians and active reef fish.
Return to the first reef line and explore the slope, moving north and west. As you cross the sand channels, look for large resting nurse sharks along the sea floor. You'll find deep water sea fans and enormous barrel sponges along the upper slope. Finish your dive along the west edge of the reef amid scattered large coral heads, with branching gorgonians and active reef fish.
CORAL MONUMENT CANYON - Intermediate
This clearly defined double-wall reef system comprises of coral buttresses and broad sandy canyons. The dive follows the first reef line north against the gentle current and then east onto the sandy plain that divides the double reef. In the center of this sandy plain is a 20 foot coral pillar that arises from the seabed at 115 feet. You can swim past it on your way to the second reef and the wall, or descend to inspect life on this coral high-rise. The sand is home to numerous southern stingrays and enormous roughtail stingrays that all but ignore your approach.
If you decide to head for the wall, watch your depth as you shadow many large reef fish (i.e. cubera, dog snappers and horse-eyed jacks). Strong currents drive the fish into tight shoals off in the blue, where sharp eyes may also spot patrolling reef sharks. Finish your dive along the first reef slope amid shoals of grazing blue tangs. In the spring, shoals of parrotfish gather to spawn in the shallows.
If you decide to head for the wall, watch your depth as you shadow many large reef fish (i.e. cubera, dog snappers and horse-eyed jacks). Strong currents drive the fish into tight shoals off in the blue, where sharp eyes may also spot patrolling reef sharks. Finish your dive along the first reef slope amid shoals of grazing blue tangs. In the spring, shoals of parrotfish gather to spawn in the shallows.
BARRIER REEF DIVE SITES
Southern Cayes
MOSQUITO CAYE SOUTH - Novice
In the midst of the shallow inshore lagoon and fairly close to the mainland, this site experiences variable visibility, Depending on the tides and the prevailing weather, you can snorkel or dive from the beach, if your boat drops you on the caye, but be careful when roaming the shallows, as there's a healthy population of sea urchins.
To find the shoals of silversides, simply follow the pelicans and gulls that relentlessly dive-bomb the shallows to gulp down large mouthfuls of these small fish. Below the surface the baitfish race about to escape both the birds and several large tarpon. Don't be alarmed when one of these sleek predators flashes out of the murk with alarming speed.
Perhaps for a moment, you will be able to glimpse the corals through the silversides, allowing you to spot most of the common reef fish and invertebrates. Hard corals here are in better conditon than those a bit farther offshore at Laughing Bird Caye. Staghorn and stands of elkhorn coral shelter schooling grunts, angelfish, dameselfish, lizardfish, hogfish and bold trumpetfish.
To find the shoals of silversides, simply follow the pelicans and gulls that relentlessly dive-bomb the shallows to gulp down large mouthfuls of these small fish. Below the surface the baitfish race about to escape both the birds and several large tarpon. Don't be alarmed when one of these sleek predators flashes out of the murk with alarming speed.
Perhaps for a moment, you will be able to glimpse the corals through the silversides, allowing you to spot most of the common reef fish and invertebrates. Hard corals here are in better conditon than those a bit farther offshore at Laughing Bird Caye. Staghorn and stands of elkhorn coral shelter schooling grunts, angelfish, dameselfish, lizardfish, hogfish and bold trumpetfish.
LAUGHING BIRD CAYE NORTH - Novice
Unlike the reef structure south of Laughing Bird Caye, the reef North of Laughing Bird Caye has denser hard-coral growth. The seabed is easily disturbed, so take time to fine tune your buoyancy while you look for various sand-swelling creatures such as lizardfish, batfish, and pretty little yellow stingrays. Here you will find numerous upside-down jellyfish rest in the sand and mimic anemones. If you disturb them, they'll gracefully rise and swim to a new location.
Ascend the hard-coral banks and search among the rope sponges for seahorses, octopuses and camouflaged frogfish, which gently wave their lures to attract small prey. Here too, you will find several different sea urchin species graze atop the reef. Also look for vivid tunicates, which often attach to rope sponges. Take the time to examine everything closely, as every reef cluster conceals tiny triplefin and redlip blennies, redspotted hawkfish and arrown crabs.
Ascend the hard-coral banks and search among the rope sponges for seahorses, octopuses and camouflaged frogfish, which gently wave their lures to attract small prey. Here too, you will find several different sea urchin species graze atop the reef. Also look for vivid tunicates, which often attach to rope sponges. Take the time to examine everything closely, as every reef cluster conceals tiny triplefin and redlip blennies, redspotted hawkfish and arrown crabs.
LAUGHING BIRD CAYE - Novice
If you're wondering how this caye got its name, it is because of the large colonies of laughing gulls that nest here. You will find a wide variety of other bird life on this island, including brown pelicans, green herons, blackbirds, sea eagles, frigate birds and brown boobies.
Despite (an partly due to) its status as a marine reserve, the faro reef that surrounds the caye has suffered damage in recent years. This Caye has suffered some damage to various elements. Coral bleaching (thanks to El Nino), hurricane damage (from Mitch in 1998) and legions of careless day trip snorkelers have taken their toll on the near shore corals. There are patches of healthy coral farther offshore, but few people make the effort to swim out that far. If you do, be aware of boat traffic at the surface.
Despite some reef damage, most visitors will appreciate even inshore snorkeling, as dozen of reef fish species thrive here, feeding on algae and each other. You'll likely see large barracuda and small halfbeaks, as well as numerous smaller reef fish and juveniles.
Despite (an partly due to) its status as a marine reserve, the faro reef that surrounds the caye has suffered damage in recent years. This Caye has suffered some damage to various elements. Coral bleaching (thanks to El Nino), hurricane damage (from Mitch in 1998) and legions of careless day trip snorkelers have taken their toll on the near shore corals. There are patches of healthy coral farther offshore, but few people make the effort to swim out that far. If you do, be aware of boat traffic at the surface.
Despite some reef damage, most visitors will appreciate even inshore snorkeling, as dozen of reef fish species thrive here, feeding on algae and each other. You'll likely see large barracuda and small halfbeaks, as well as numerous smaller reef fish and juveniles.
LAUGHING BIRD CAYE SOUTH - Novice
A soft mixture of silt and sand, the seabed here is easily disturbed. Depending on tides and prevailing winds, visibility ranges from about 20 feet to 100 feet or more. Even in less-than-perfect conditions, however, the site offers unique features and a welcome contrast to wall dives along the barrier reef.
The bottom slopes gradually away from the caye to about 25 feet, where healthy gorgonians and sponges flourish atop brain, star and mushroom corals. As you head deeper, search amid the gorgonians and sponges to find an array of anemones, tunicates, roving invertebrates and juvenile fish. Many species of commensal shrimp, crabs and small fish inhabit the anemones and corals - enough to keep a macrophotographer or marine biologist happy for hours.
The bottom slopes gradually away from the caye to about 25 feet, where healthy gorgonians and sponges flourish atop brain, star and mushroom corals. As you head deeper, search amid the gorgonians and sponges to find an array of anemones, tunicates, roving invertebrates and juvenile fish. Many species of commensal shrimp, crabs and small fish inhabit the anemones and corals - enough to keep a macrophotographer or marine biologist happy for hours.
NORTH WALL - Intermediate
This stretch of the barrier reef remains largely submerged, with only an occasional patch breaking through the waters surface. You'll begin your dive in about 25 foot atop the shelf and meander amid coral outcrops and swaying gorgonians to the edge of the wall at 50 feet, which plunges to great depths. Keep in mind, that the current can be quite strong here.
The North Wall is peppered with large barrel sponges and branching gorgonians, which reach into the current to feed. The current also attracts tightly bunched shoals of horse-eye and yellow jacks, dog snappers and schoolmasters. At one point, there is a narrow sandy shelf at about 120 feet marks your turnaround point. Gradually work your way back to the shallows for a safety stop above the lush gorgonian fields.
The North Wall is peppered with large barrel sponges and branching gorgonians, which reach into the current to feed. The current also attracts tightly bunched shoals of horse-eye and yellow jacks, dog snappers and schoolmasters. At one point, there is a narrow sandy shelf at about 120 feet marks your turnaround point. Gradually work your way back to the shallows for a safety stop above the lush gorgonian fields.
SILK CAYES (Queen Cayes) - Novice
Locals and some maps may refer to this scattering of small, picture-postcard islands as the Queen Cayes, although either name is acceptable. During a lunchtime break on one of the islands provides a chance for a gentle snorkel or shallow dive. Many dive operators take students here for their first-open water dives. The site offers a relaxing contrast to nearby high-energy wall dives and is a great opportunity for photographers to record some of the smaller reef fish species. As a gentle reminder, be careful when entering and exiting the water, as the shallows are full of black spiny urchins.
Fringed with turtle grass and coral heads, the bright, sandy shallows serve as a nursery for juvenile species. Dense shoals of baitfish, juvenile spadefish and tiny jacks swirl in a food of water. This moving feast in turn attracts hungry barracuda and halfbeaks, which edge closer and closer inshore, determined to feed on the fry. Swim farther out amid the developing coral heads to find colorful pairs of butterflyfish and iridescent stoplight parrotfish, which graze on algae.
Fringed with turtle grass and coral heads, the bright, sandy shallows serve as a nursery for juvenile species. Dense shoals of baitfish, juvenile spadefish and tiny jacks swirl in a food of water. This moving feast in turn attracts hungry barracuda and halfbeaks, which edge closer and closer inshore, determined to feed on the fry. Swim farther out amid the developing coral heads to find colorful pairs of butterflyfish and iridescent stoplight parrotfish, which graze on algae.
SILK CAYE CANYONS - Intermediate
When you reach the Silk Caye Canyons, here the reef table runs south, small coral outcrops alternate with low patch reefs. These coalesce into spurs and grooves along the edge of the drop-off. Within these canyons are some gullies are quite deep, reaching 90 feet or so before tumbling over the wall. You'll find a variety of healthy hard corals and gorgonians, though the reef is frequently pounded by heavy oceanic swells. Even in calm conditions there's noticeable water movement, and a 4 to 6 foot surface swell translates to heavy surge below. Conditions improve at depth,but divers face a struggle in teh shallows if the weather turns rough.
The wall attracts many pelagic species, and reef sharks are common visitors. You're also likely to encounter groups of odd-looking gray ocean triggerfish, which tow remoras almost as large as themselves and are often accompanied by striped pilotfish.
The wall attracts many pelagic species, and reef sharks are common visitors. You're also likely to encounter groups of odd-looking gray ocean triggerfish, which tow remoras almost as large as themselves and are often accompanied by striped pilotfish.
POMPION CAYE WALL - Intermediate
The Pompion Caye Wall dive starts in about 25 feet on a broad shallow reef shelf, which gradually slopes to 45 feet amid healthy hard corals and branching gorgonians atop the wall. Here, you will need to watch your depth, as the wall plunges well below the sport-diving limit. While coral and sponge growth on the reef face is somewhat sporadic, you will find plenty of pelagics and big fish.
Barracuda visit cleaning stations along the wall, while schools of Atlantic spadefish and cubera snappers patrol the blue. Large black groupers prefer to laze under overhangs with attendant remoras and ignore your approach. Finish your dive in the shallows, where an ever-present surge ranges from mild to quite heavy.
Barracuda visit cleaning stations along the wall, while schools of Atlantic spadefish and cubera snappers patrol the blue. Large black groupers prefer to laze under overhangs with attendant remoras and ignore your approach. Finish your dive in the shallows, where an ever-present surge ranges from mild to quite heavy.
POMPION CAYE - Novice
Pompion Caye is a small tropical island off the coast of Belize. Here you will find white sandy beaches fringed by palms and whose sole inhabitant is the local game warden. In the surrounding shallows snorkelers find anything rom spotted eagel rays and moray eels to trunkfish, parrotfish and schools of sardines and baitfish, which fall prey to dive-bombing pelicans.
Follow the sand flats out to turtle grass beds, which shleter severla juvenile specicies. Beyond are numerous small coral heads and sea fans, home to a variety of reef fish. Pairs of hogfish scour the sane for small crustaceans, while bigger predators such as sleek tarpon and barracuda shallow the shoals of small fish.
Follow the sand flats out to turtle grass beds, which shleter severla juvenile specicies. Beyond are numerous small coral heads and sea fans, home to a variety of reef fish. Pairs of hogfish scour the sane for small crustaceans, while bigger predators such as sleek tarpon and barracuda shallow the shoals of small fish.
CHUB CANYONS - Novice
Chub Canyons are located just south of Pompion Caye Wall and is a great spot for beginner divers. Here the reef flat develops into a low and narrow spur-and-groove formation, which slopes gradually from about 50 to 70 feet. Ocean swells often bring heavy surge, though its fairly manageable at depth.
The oceans surge opens the door to hardy corals such as star, brain, mushroom and lettuce, as well as branching gorgonians, which mirror the water's motion. Follow the spurs to the drop-off, where you'll find schools of bluestriped grunts, horse-eye and yellow jacks and schoolmasters holding station in the gentle current.
After exploring the Pompion Caye Wall, follow the gullies west to the sandy shallows, where you may encounter resting nurse sharks. You can usually approach quite close.
The oceans surge opens the door to hardy corals such as star, brain, mushroom and lettuce, as well as branching gorgonians, which mirror the water's motion. Follow the spurs to the drop-off, where you'll find schools of bluestriped grunts, horse-eye and yellow jacks and schoolmasters holding station in the gentle current.
After exploring the Pompion Caye Wall, follow the gullies west to the sandy shallows, where you may encounter resting nurse sharks. You can usually approach quite close.
|
|
|
|